At the early stage of pregnancy, pregnancy tests will check for progesterone values, so many people begin to wonder what progesterone means. In fact, progesterone, that is, progesterone, is a natural progesterone secreted by the ovarian corpus luteum, and in the body has a significant morphological impact on the estrogen-stimulated endometrial, which is necessary to maintain pregnancy. Therefore, the low progesterone value in pregnant women has a certain impact on the healthy development of the fetus.
The role of progesterone in early pregnancy
1, progesterone inhibits contractions
It is believed that progesterone can change the permeability of the myocyte membrane to ions, make the membrane in a hyperpolarized state, thus reducing the excitability of the uterine muscle, and empathy also reduces the sensitivity of the uterus to various stimuli (especially oxytocin). Therefore, the pregnant uterus does not undergo a violent and progressive contraction, the embryo is unaffected, and the pregnancy is maintained. Accordingly, the clinical progesterone is commonly used to protect the fetus.
Others to the contrary that the experiment proves that progesterone suppresses the stimulation of the uterine muscle, but it is in vitro, and the experimental dose is far beyond the physiological concentration. In addition, in the treatment of threatened abortion, the double-blind method was found to have the same effect of progesterone and placebo.
2. Progesterone maintenance and demembrane reaction
Edut cells are transformed from endometrial mesostitial cells and contain glycocell particles that supply blastoclicular nutrition. Injection of "rabbit anti-rat decidua sera" can cause abortion, indicating the importance of decidua for the maintenance of pregnancy. Remoof bilateral ovaries of pseudopregnancy moldua reactive animals can cause necrosis and liquefaction of the moldut; if exogenous progesterone is given, moldua degeneration can be prevented. It is seen that progesterone is necessary to maintain the decidua reaction.
3. Progesterone suppresses the immune response
Pregnant eggs are a "semi-allograft", but why not from maternal immune rejection while in bed? It has been found that having transplanted certain tumor cells into the animal uterine cavity, tumor cells are not excluded only in progesterone-injected animals, and implanted into the uterine wall, indicating that progesterone can inhibit the immune response. In the same way, we can explain that during normal pregnancy, increased progesterone can prevent the embryo from being rejected by the mother and maintain pregnancy. If progesterone is insufficient, the embryo is like a foreign body, which is rejected by the mother and abortion.
In short, progesterone is necessary for maintaining pregnancy and is called "progesterone". Regardless of the pregnancy mechanism, it must be combined with the target tissue, the receptor of endometrial cells, to effect. The synthesis of progesterone receptors is mainly promoted by estrogen. Therefore, the effect of progesterone always depends on the collaboration of estrogen; and estrogen can also stimulate ovarian luteal synthesis and secrete progesterone.
